Navegando por Assunto "Biorremediação"

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Análise de lacases de microrganismos com aplicações em biorremediação usando ferramentas de bioinformática
(2022-10-21) Silva, Andrey Giordane Costa; Buarque, Diego de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7609652740088882; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8075252796586989
The improper disposal and dumping of household waste, industrial waste, electronic waste, fertilizers, pesticides can elevate environmental concentrations of contaminants that cause significant impacts on human health and biodiversity. Given this problem, the development of technologies that assist in the environmental treatment of sites contaminated by these xenobiotics is of great importance. An applicable method for environmental remediation is biodegradation by enzymatic catalysis. Fungal lacases (in particular those of the genus Trametes) have a great potential for application in the area of wastewater treatment and bioremediation. Thus, a sequence analysis becomes important for the determination of lacases from some microorganisms. For this, we used the 1KYA, which represents the code of an active lacase structure from T. versicolor present in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). This structure is complexed to the ligand 2,5-xylidine, which is derived from commercially used solvents. Through this analysis, it is possible to understand structural factors important for the enzyme to detoxify environmentally harmful compounds, such as 2,5-xylidine. The structures and binding sites were analyzed using the BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer 2021 program, where we were able to identify the amino acid residues and bonds that are part of the lacase 1KYA site that interact with 2,5-xylidine. To identify important structural factors in the sequences of lacases from microorganisms, a comparison was made in the primary sequence of the active lacase (1KYA) with a known sequence of the lacase from Trametes versicolor to determine what would be the degree of homology between them and if all amino acids that are part of the active site identified. By checking the degree of homology between different types of lacases from different organisms, it was possible to identify sequences of 16 microorganisms with a percentage equal to or greater than 79.56%. In addition, it was possible to identify the amino acid residues conserved in lacases from different organisms and the residues that changed among the sequences of this enzyme.
Análise estrutural e uso de lacase de camarão para a degradação de antraceno
(2022-10-19) Silva, Larissa Celestino da; Buarque, Diego de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7609652740088882; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5589996843765879
Through the large population growth and technological development, the use of natural resources has become increasingly present and constant, also causing concerns, measures and solutions related to the environment. In this context, the oil spill has affected aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, petroleum comprises a series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are not very volatile and are deposited at the bottom of aquatic environments. Therefore, the use of laccase enzymes can be used to combat petroleum hydrocarbons. The structure of the L. vannamei laccase showed conserved domains characteristic of this enzyme, such as those that are important for copper centers, since they are responsible for carrying out the oxidation of aromatic compounds. In addition, the sequence of this enzyme showed a higher percentage of identity when compared to the laccases of other organisms, this fact can be characterized due to the number of identical positions existing between their amino acid sequences. The present work addressed the use of bioinformatics tools to understand the structure of the laccase and, consequently, test the activity of the enzyme in the degradation of the anthracene hydrocarbon.
Descoloração do corante têxtil marinho Direct 2R utilizando o fungo Aspergillus tamarii kita UCP 1279
(2021-12-03) Cruz, Nayara Vitória dos Santos; Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa; Silva, Raphael Luiz Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4770766127962026; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466206759539320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9306095300572849
Synthetic dyes are widely used in textile industries, being characterized as easy- to-use substances, with great variety and profitability. Despite their attractiveness, dyes are also considered complex compounds, being characterized by their toxicity, hazardousness and difficult degradation. Treating wastewater before release into water bodies is essential for the environment. The biological method can be used with algae, bacteria, and fungi, the latter organisms being considered as one of the best models for treating effluents. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the use of the fungus Aspergillus tamarii kita UCP 1279, isolated from the Caatinga Biome, to discolor a solution containing a textile dye from a laundry located in the interior of the state of Pernambuco. The discoloration of the Marine Direct 2R dye was evaluated at a concentration of 50 mg/L, these experiments were carried out using the microorganism A. tamarii kita under living and dead conditions, in different amounts of biomass (2, 4, and 6 grams). In addition, biomass reuse was evaluated, so that, after the first decolorization test of 120 minutes, two further decolorization sequences with 120 minutes each were conducted for all conditions. The best condition obtained with 2 grams of biomass was found in the dead condition, which, in just 15 minutes, discolored 97% of the color while, with 4 and 6 grams of biomass, the best performance was verified in the living condition, in which, at 15 minutes it reached 100% removals for both 4 and 6 grams of biomass. In the tests with the reuse of biomass, both conditions (live/dead) demonstrated efficiency in discoloring the dye in different quantities of biomass, at the end of the tests, thus showing the potential of the microorganism A. tamarii kita in carrying out the dye decolorization textile. Therefore, due to the effectiveness of the microorganism, the development of future research investigating the optimization of the process deserves to be studied, to provide an understanding of the best conditions for using A. tamarii kita, so that its use can be made viable on an industrial scale, as a new biological method to treat effluents containing textile dyes.
Influência de fatores abióticos sobre o desenvolvimento de bactérias promotoras de crescimento vegetal dos gêneros Bacillus e Pantoea
(2019-02-05) Amorim, Alyson da Silva; Sobral, Júlia Kuklinsky; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8273377142633220; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9204041210789535
Incorrect handling during the application of most agricultural pesticides has been causing contamination in soils, groundwater, fauna and flora in Brazilian agroecosystems, in addition to increasing costs in agricultural production. The microbiota when subjected to dosages above the recommended level of certain pesticides suffers deleterious effects on their populations. And as a way to reduce input costs and the search for more sustainable agricultural production, the use of growth promoting bacteria and bioremediators is a biotechnological tool of great potential. Another factor that influences agricultural production is salinity. It is a term that qualifies a situation of excess soluble salts in the environment. This problem is one of the main causes of soil degradation in regions of arid and semi-arid climate, culminating in serious agricultural income. To contribute to the recovery of these degraded soils, plant growth promoting bacteria have been shown to be useful in the development of strategies to promote plant growth in saline soils. In view of the above, the present work had as objectives: i) to evaluate the tolerance to the methomyl pesticide and the potential biodegradation capacity of this pesticide by Bacillus plant growth promoting bacteria; and ii) to evaluate the production of exopolysaccharides under saline stress by plant growth promoting bacteria of the genus Pantoea. For the evaluation of pesticide tolerance, the Bacillus bacteria (UAGAT35 and UAGAT71). were inoculated in modified Minimal Mineral Medium (MMM), plus glucose as carbon source, followed by different concentrations of Methomyl. And to assess the potential for biodegradation, the carbon source has not been increased. In the experiment on salinity, five bacterial strains of the genus Pantoea were used (UAGC 906, UAGC 977, UAGC 858, UAGC 907 and UAGC 972), which were grown in solid medium with sucrose and added different concentrations of NaCl in each tr. For 10 days, the growth of the halo was measured with the aid of a pachymeter, being done five readings, in intervals of 48 hours. The two strains of the genus Bacillus demonstrated tolerance and biodegradation to methomyl insecticide, in their different concentrations. While the 5 bacterial strains of the genus Pantoea submitted to the different concentrations of NaCl presented production of Exopolysaccharides (EPS), showing their survival in environments under IX salt stress. Therefore, the evaluated bacteria presented potential for future studies aiming to promote growth in adverse environments.
Isolamento de bactérias hidrocarbonoclásticas de sedimento de manguezal contaminado com petróleo
(2022-05-25) Paula, Nazareth Zimiani de; Lima, Marcos Antônio Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3887006042216258; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9977163727403212
In August of 2019, there was a petrol leakage which hit the shore of 11 states of the northeast and southeast of Brazil. This leakage affected several coastal ecosystems mainly estuary and mangrove forests, besides exposing coastal species already under threat. Mangrove forests are ecosystems extremely sensitive to contamination by hydrocarbons. Therefore, this present proposal has aimed at isolating and featuring hydrocarbonclastic bacteria with degradation potential in sediment of mangrove, contaminated by petrol, in Cabo de Santo Agostinho. To do so, samples of superficial sediments of mangrove which were contaminated, those were collected and submitted to the tests of quantification of total heterotrophic bacteria, assertiveness of hydrocarbonclastic bacteria, selection of isolated decomposers of petrol and by-products. The physical- chemical pH parameters, temperature, salinity, and conductivity were also measured in the sediment. It was not observed significant variation in the physical-chemical parameters among the variables analysed. On the other hand, It was obtained a total of 30 bacterial isolates, 15 heterotrophic and 15 hydrocarbonclastic bacteria. Negative Gram bacilli were predominant among heterotrophic and hydrocarbonclastic bacteria. Two isolated ones, the group of heterotrophic bacteria stood out. (isolated 1 & 4) due to showing more relative frequency, making up of 64 % of total isolated together. With regards to the 15 isolate hydrocarbonclastic bacteria, 13 of those, were obtained in the diesel oil environment as source for carbon. Of 15 isolate hydrocarbonclastic bacteria assessed, 10 displayed potential for decomposition of diesel oil, gasoline and kerosene. The isolate 7 was prominent as it achieved the best decomposition results of the 3 fuels analysed.
Microalgas do Semiárido: florações nocivas, variabilidade sazonal e suas possíveis aplicações biotecnológicas
(2018) Oliveira, Carlos Yure Barbosa de; Dantas, Danielli Matias de Macêdo; Olivera Gálvez, Alfredo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7002327312102794; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3422902414863662; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3825860944561089
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are eukaryotes and prokaryotes, respectively, photosynthetic and use atmospheric CO2, light and inorganic compounds for their growth. In addition, they produce nutritional, bioactive compounds and some species mayproduce toxins (like some species of cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates). The present study aimed to identify and isolate species from the phytoplankton community of reservoirs located in the semiarid Pernambucano and later to evaluate the biotechnological potential of microorganisms previously isolated from the center of cultureof the Laboratório de Produção de Alimento Vivo (LAPVI-UFRPE/Sede). For the collection of these organisms a network with a mesh of 20μm was used, being part of the collected material fixed in formaldehyde to 4% and the rest submitted to the culture. After the sorting of all collected material, the canonical correspondence analysis was performed to evaluate possible interactions between the abiotic parameters and the species found. The evaluation of biotechnological potential occurred by the bioremediation capacity test of Chlorella vulgarisin effluent from a biofloc system (BFT). Twenty-one taxa were recorded, most of them of the class Chlorophyceae. Among the species found, we highlight the presence of Ceratium furcoides, an exotic dinoflagellate that is found in a growing geographic expansion in Brazil. In the evaluation of bioremediation potential, the presence of Chlorella vulgaris promoted a reduction in the levels of nitrogenous and phosphate compounds of the BFT effluent of approximately, 79.2% and 48%, respectively. In addition to the removal capacity of these compounds, BFT effluent presented as potential medium for the cultivation of this microalgae.
Microalgas do semiárido: florações nocivas, variabilidade sazonal e suas possíveis aplicações biotecnológicas
(2018-09-23) Oliveira, Carlos Yure Barbosa de; Dantas, Danielli Matias de Macêdo; Olivera Gálvez, Alfredo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7002327312102794; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3422902414863662; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3825860944561089
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are eukaryotes and prokaryotes, respectively, photosynthetic and use atmospheric CO2, light and inorganic compounds for their growth. In addition, they produce nutritional, bioactive compounds and some species may produce toxins (like some species of cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates). The present study aimed to identify and isolate species from the phytoplankton community of reservoirs located in the semiarid Pernambucano and later to evaluate the biotechnological potential of microorganisms previously isolated from the center of culture of the Laboratório de Produção de Alimento Vivo (LAPVI-UFRPE/Sede). For the collection of these organisms a network with a mesh of 20μm was used, being part of the collected material fixed in formaldehyde to 4% and the rest submitted to the culture. After the sorting of all collected material, the canonical correspondence analysis was performed to evaluate possible interactions between the abiotic parameters and the species found. The evaluation of biotechnological potential occurred by the bioremediation capacity test of Chlorella vulgaris in effluent from a biofloc system (BFT). Twenty-one taxa were recorded, most of them of the class Chlorophyceae. Among the species found, we highlight the presence of Ceratium furcoides, an exotic dinoflagellate that is found in a growing geographic expansion in Brazil. In the evaluation of bioremediation potential, the presence of Chlorella vulgaris promoted a reduction in the levels of nitrogenous and phosphate compounds of the BFT effluent of approximately, 79.2% and 48%, respectively. In addition to the removal capacity of these compounds, BFT effluent presented as potential medium for the cultivation of this microalgae.
Relatório final de atividades do Estágio Supervisionado Obrigatório: seleção de bactérias com potencial de utilização em processo de biorremediação de solos contaminados por mercúrio
(2025) Oliveira, Jennifer Nicoli de Souza; Biondi, Caroline Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8326756664758702; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1940730909264239
Os manguezais desempenham um papel crucial na ecologia, manutenção da qualidade da água, biodiversidade e estabilidade dos solos. No entanto, a contaminação por metais pesados, como o mercúrio (Hg), tem se mostrado um problema decorrente das atividades industriais. Atualmente tem se buscado formas de recuperar essas áreas contaminadas por Hg, sendo a biorremediação microbiana uma alternativa promissora para recuperação dessas áreas, pois utiliza de bactérias indígenas, resistentes ao Hg capazes de volatilizá-lo. Por isso, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a eficiência de bactérias indígenas de solo contaminado por Hg no estuário do Rio Botafogo, para uso em processos de biorremediação. Foram coletadas amostras de solo do estuário do Rio Botafogo, em Pernambuco, divididas em P1 e P2, e isoladas bactérias dessas amostras. Foram realizados testes como o de Concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) para avaliar a capacidade das bactérias em resistir ao mercúrio. Os resultados indicaram que os solos do estuário estão contaminados por Hg em concentrações de 4,28 a 10,42 mg kg-1 e que há a presença de isolados dos gêneros Enterococcus, Bacillus e Pseudomonas, que possuem resistência de 50 a 100 mg L-1 de Hg, de acordo com o teste CIM. Essas bactérias apresentam potencial para serem utilizadas em processos de biorremediação. Além disso, o solo do manguezal do estuário do Rio Botafogo apresentou pH próximo à neutralidade e potencial redox indicando ambiente anóxico.
Remoção do corante Azo Direct Black 22 utilizando fungos Aspergillus
(2021-12-06) Santos, Karolaine da Conceição Gama; Bezerra, Raquel Pedrosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1466206759539320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8911087163041081
During the activity of the textile industrial sector, characteristic effluents are generated due to their strong coloration and, in contrast to the benefits, concerns arise from the impacts caused by the presence of dyes in the effluents. As they are difficult to degrade and have high toxicity, dyes lead to the eutrophication process and a reduction in the photosynthetic rate in water bodies, in addition to presenting toxic bioaccumulative potential. Therefore, it is essential to treat wastewater prior to release into water bodies, with the bioremediation process that employs micro-organisms to degrade such compounds as an alternative. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the ability of fungi of the genus Aspergillus to remove the tetra-azo dye Direct Black 22 (DB22). A selection of fungi from DB22 dye discoloration (50 mg/ L) was performed using 1g of live biomass of A. japonicus (URM 5620), A. niger (URM 5741) and A. niger (URM 5838) with duration 2 hours of experimentation, under at room temperature and 120 RPM. The fungi that showed the best results were A. niger (URM 5741) and A. niger (URM 5838), which in the initial 10 minutes of the experiment removed the DB22 dye by 86% and 97%, respectively. Such fungi were used with values of 1 g and 3 g of live biomass to evaluate the influence of the amount of biomass, since 1 g of biomass presented at the end of the test better dye removal, reaching the maximum discoloration of 100% and 99% for A. niger (URM 5741) and A. niger (URM 5838), respectively. The decolorizing capacity between live and dead fungal biomass (1 g) was also investigated, and it was observed that the dead biomass had the best percentage of discoloration, 66% and 96% for A. niger (URM 5741) and A. niger (URM 5838), respectively, still in the first minute of rehearsal. In this way, showing the ability of Aspergillus to remove DB22. Therefore, having seen the efficiency of application of such a filamentous fungus, it is necessary to further investigate the fungal biological mechanism in the removal of the textile dye and evaluate different test conditions to later be applied in real effluent on an industrial scale in order to contribute to the reuse of water in the harsh region of the State.