Navegando por Assunto "Estuários"

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Aspectos da dinâmica do estuário do Rio Formoso, PE
(1979) Zapata, Maria Consuelo; Fonseca, Verônica Gomes da
O estuário do Rio Formoso do ponto de vista geológico é de planície costeira, existindo dois padrões de distribuição de salinidade de suas águas. Na zona estuarina média e inferior a salinidade é em média 25%, na superior 6,5%. As velocidades de correntes variam também nos diferentes trechos do estuário correspondendo aos valores máximos de 63cm/s, 52cmls e 29cmls para o alto, médio e baixo cursos respectivamente. Os maiores valores de salinidade e de material em suspensão foram registrados nas preamares. O flushing-time calculado para descurga fluvial de 5m3/s é de aproximadamente 11-12 dhs. Segundo os parâmetros de circulação e estratificação o estuário é do tipo bem misturado. A cobertura sedimentar especialmente no baixo curso, compõe-se de material terrígeno em mistura com organismos predominantemente marinhos.
Diatomáceas do estuário do rio Sirinhaém, PE, Brasil
(2021-12-09) Aguiar, Lucas Pereira de; Gama Júnior, Watson Arantes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8692563615933473; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2086753590165553
Disponibilidade ambiental e risco ecológico de metais pesados em solos de diferentes posições fisiográficas de manguezal
(2022-10-07) Silva, Suellayne Correia Valério da; Biondi, Caroline Miranda; Araújo, Paula Renata Muniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1779598476646308; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8326756664758702; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1266535065976270
Mangrove soils are considered geochemical filters due to their great capacity to retain heavy metals. The level of contamination of these soils can be assessed by the environmentally available levels of heavy metals and the ecological risk. With this, the work aimed to evaluate the levels of heavy metals based on the 3051A analysis, comparing with regional and international reference levels, as well as estimating the ecological risk in areas of different physiographic positions of the Botafogo mangrove. Soil samples were collected (0-40 cm) along two transects (T1 and T2) at distances of 0, 60, 120 and 180 meters from the bank of the Botafogo River. In the field, pH and Eh were determined in sections 0 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 20, 20 to 30 and 30 to 40 cm of the collected soils. In the laboratory, the samples were prepared for granulometric, organic matter (MOS) and heavy metal analysis. Metal contents were determined in ICP-OES after 3051A acid digestion of soil samples. Descriptive statistics were adopted for all variables evaluated. The pH values of the evaluated areas indicated slightly acidic to neutral soils; while the values of Eh, suboxic to anoxic environments. There was a predominance of clayey soils and high levels of SOM in T1; sandy soils predominated in T2. In general, the average levels of heavy metals in T1 were higher than in T2, and exceeded regional backgrounds. Only Cr and Cu showed levels above the Threshold Effect Level (TEL), indicating possible adverse effects on the biota. The distribution of metals in the transects varied as a function of clay and SOM contents, as verified in the positive and significant correlations between metals and clay, and between metals and SOM. Ecological risk coefficients (Ei) were higher at T1 when compared to T2, but all Ei were below 40, indicating low risk. The Potential Ecological Risk (PER), considering the effect of the set of metals, was below 150, showing that the presence of metals in mangrove forests does not offer high ecological risks.
Distribuição dos copépodes planctônicos não nativos nos estuários de Pernambuco: uma revisão bibliográfica
(2025-08-08) Esteves, Maxuel Barreto; Melo Júnior, Mauro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6735233221650148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9079607690184824
Espécies introduzidas, não nativas, apresentam ocorrência em ambientes naturais de forma acidental, intencional ou não intencional por ação antrópica, trazendo consequências danosas para o ambiente nativo e seu ecossistema. Como exemplo de espécies não nativas ou invasoras que ocuparam espaço ambiental brasileiro, temos as espécies do clado Copepoda, a exemplo do Pseudodiaptomus trihamatus, introduzida acidentalmente junto com um lote do camarão Penaeus monodon, trazida das Filipinas no final da década de 1970. Foi constatada pela primeira vez no Brasil em um viveiro de camarão no Rio Grande do Norte. Por ocasião da despesca, o copépode foi liberado para as águas costeiras. Já a espécie Temora turbinata, teve seu primeiro registro no Brasil no estuário do Rio Vaza-Barris, em Sergipe, na década de 1990. Pode ter chegado ao Brasil via água de lastro. Atualmente, domina várias áreas costeiras e estuarinas do Brasil. Neste sentido, O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a distribuição de ambas as espécies no litoral de Pernambuco, procurando detalhar a amplitude da densidade média e frequência de ocorrência das espécies nos ecossistemas nos quais ocorre.
Distribuição espaço-temporal da fauna ictioplanctônica e de Chaetognatha e sua interação no litoral norte de Pernambuco
(2020-01-27) Silva, Jade Beatriz Alves da; El-Deir, Ana Carla Asfora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4822569793807941; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7346027083165974
The success of the early stages of life in fish influence recruitment and determines the structure of adult populations. In the larva period, these individuals are more vulnerable to predation and other factors that affect their survival and/or mortality. Chaetognathas are described as voracious predators and can feed on fish larvae, thus affecting the distribution and success of ichthyoplankton. In this context, the study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of ichthyoplankton in the Jaguaribe River estuary and Jaguaribe beach, correlating with the occurrence of Chaetognatha. The collections were carried out in August, September, October and December 2017 in three points, these were distributed at the mouth of the Jaguaribe River, bursting Jaguaribe beach and corral. The collected individuals were fixed in situ in 4% saline formaldehyde and later screened in laboratory and stored in ethanol 70%. 88 larvae were collected, identified in three orders and six families, including: Achiridae, Engraulidae, Carangidae, Clupeidae, Gerreidae and Gobiidae. The most abundant family was Engraulidae, being present in all months and points sampled. The surf zone was the site with the highest abundance of larvae. 574 Chaetognathas were collected and identified in one order, two families and three species. These were present in all sampled points, however, they presented greater abundance in the corral region. A total of 5305 eggs were collected, of these 4161, they were eggs of Engraulidae. The month of September presented the highest abundance of eggs, with 78.4% of the total collected. When comparing the distribution of ichthyoplankton and Chaetognathas, an overlap was observed in the occurrence of these. The spatial distribution of ichthyoplankton is highly influenced by the occurrence of Chaetognathas, since these are large predators. With a decline in the abundance of Chaetognathas there is an increase in ichthyoplankton, proving the existence of an inversely proportional relationship.
Impacto da predação do coral-sol (Tubastraea spp.) sobre grupos de zooplâncton, utilizando organismos-modelo e nativos: um estudo comparativo
(2024-10-03) Silva, Kerollayne Karen de Lima; Cordeiro, Ralf Tarciso Silva; Correia, José Renato Mendes de Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9493438582525601; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7228145091477218; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6651430356334281
Os corais (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) são organismos heterotróficos que se alimentam principalmente pela captura de partículas suspensas, como matéria orgânica e zooplâncton. Duas espécies do gênero Tubastraea (T. coccinea e T. tagusensis), conhecidas como “coral-sol”, invadiram com sucesso o Atlântico Ocidental Tropical e Subtropical nas últimas décadas. Sua proliferação rápida e abundante representa um desafio ecológico, sendo fundamental entender seus impactos. O presente estudo buscou entender se o consumo de zooplâncton por esses corais aumenta conforme a oferta e se há preferência por algum(ns) grupo(s) específico. Para explorar esses pontos, foram realizados três experimentos: (i) Um estudo piloto com alimentos-modelo de zooplâncton (copépodes adultos, ovas de peixe-voador (Hirundichthys affinis) e Artemia salina adultas). Os resultados, analisados via Kruskal-Wallis (H=89,005, p<0,001) e pós-teste de Dunn (p<0,005), indicaram uma preferência por crustáceos. (ii) Outro estudo piloto, com artêmias recém-eclodidas, demonstrou que o coral-sol pode predar mais de 80% do ofertado, independente da quantidade disponível. (iii) Um terceiro experimento com zooplâncton nativo vivo buscou verificar se a seletividade observada no uso de alimentos em conserva também se aplica a organismos nativos. Segundo os índices de Chesson, houve uma preferência pelo grupo copepoda, embora fatores abióticos e abundância de cada grupo também tenham influenciado. Apesar disso, a velocidade do movimento da água afeta a distribuição do plâncton no ambiente natural, o que pode impactar a capacidade de predação dos corais e moderar seu impacto ecológico. Conclui-se que quanto maior a disponibilidade de alimento, maior será o consumo pelo coral-sol, o que pode explicar seu avanço nas águas brasileiras, dada a grande oferta de zooplâncton e matéria orgânica.
Material em suspensão, temperatura e salinidade no Estuário do Rio Mamucaba-PE
(1978) Lira, Luiz; Zapata, Maria Consuelo; Falcão, Iza Maria de Melo; Oliveira, Aristides Vitorino de
0 estuário do rio Mamucaha não apresenta estratificação de temperatura e salinidade nas suas águas. Os sedimentos lamosos nas suas margens fornecem importante quantidade de calor para o estuário juntamente com a descarga líquida do rio Mamucaha, principalmente na baixa mar. 0 material em suspensão mostra valores médios altos entre 60,20 ntg/l e 25,80 mg/l para o inverno e Verão respectivamente. 0 material em suspensão, salinidade e velocidade das águas variam de forma direta sendo exceção apenas alguns momentos da baixa-mar onde parece existir importante processo de floculação. A influencia marinha proveniente da Baía de Tamandaré para o estuário atualmente é pequena, o que acarreta a grande diluição de suas águas pelas águas oriundas a montante- do estuário.
Microplásticos do plâncton na porção norte da APA Costa dos Corais (Tamandaré, Brasil)
(2019-12-13) Ferreira, Lucas Xavier; Melo Júnior, Mauro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6735233221650148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7507756194543034
Microplastics are particles smaller than 5 mm and can be broadly classified as: filamentous, hard fragments and soft fragments. These particles are among the main current solid contaminants in the marine environment. Such fragments can be released into the environment in different ways, such as degradation itself through biotic or abiotic factors. After being degraded, these particles can be suspended in the water column, thus being able to be ingested by organisms, especially filters at the base of the food chain. The work aims to characterize the plankton microplastics in the waters that bathe the northern portion of the Costa dos Corais Environmental Protection Area, in Tamandaré (PE), aiming at the evaluation of three planktonic compartments in the area (estuarine plume, in the reefs and in the bay ). Samples from 4 campaigns carried out between Sep / 2017 and Mar / 2018 were analyzed, aiming to sample periods with different rainfall regimes, always at low water (to better establish the influence of estuarine plumes). The analyzed microplastics were quantified and classified according to type. To confirm the visually screened microplastics, tests were performed with nitric acid (HNO3). The results show that there is a higher incidence of filamentous microplastics (12 ± 13 mp / m³), compared to other types. The presence of filamentous microplastics reached an average density of 16.08 ± 16.22 mp m³ in the plume, in the dry period, and in the rainy period it had an average of 21.62 ± 20.77 mp m³ in the reefs. . The densities of filamentous microplastics were significantly different between points (plume, bay and reefs). In each period, even with this variation between the points, the data indicate that there was a variation between the points, but if compared to other studies, the variation is not significant, although the bay has shown variation in relation to the other areas. In the present study, the seasonal period did not have a significant influence on the increase in the presence of microplastics in the studied points, even though microplastics are common in estuarine systems in several parts of the world, the fact that there were no seasonal differences in the studied points ( it was expected that during the rains the occurrence of microplastics would be higher) due to the insertion of the Ilhetas and Mamucabas estuaries in a protected region (APA Guadalupe and ReBio de Saltinho).
Teores de cádmio e chumbo em solos sob manguezais de Pernambuco
(2019-07) Ferreira, Djennyfer Karolaine de Melo; Biondi, Caroline Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8326756664758702; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9195964705467745
Teores de mercúrio total e estimativa de risco à saúde humana em solos de manguezal contaminados por indústria de soda-cloro
(2024-02-26) Silva Neto, José Carlos da; Biondi, Caroline Miranda; Araújo, Paula Renata Muniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1779598476646308; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8326756664758702; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5393117310370821
The Botafogo River estuary is located between the cities of Goiana and Itapissuma, coastal area of Pernambuco, and is the most relevant water resource among the coastal rivers that border the region, being responsible for the main water reservoir used to supply the local population. However, the activity of a chlor-alkali plant established close to the mangrove in the 1960s brought effluents containing Hg into the river, presenting potential for contamination in areas of mangrove forests, which could interfere with the health of the mangrove ecosystem and the community. This work aimed to evaluate the total Hg levels, relate them to the granulometry and chemical attributes of the soils and estimate the risk to human health in soils from two transects, located in different physiographic positions of the Botafogo River mangrove. For this, 3 soil profiles (0-40 cm) were collected at distances 0, 60, 120 and 180 meters from the margin of each transect during periods of low tide. The profiles were sectioned at depths 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm and the particle size fractions, organic matter, pH, Eh and total Hg were determined. Based on the Hg results in the soils, the non-carcinogenic risk to human health was estimated. The pH and Eh values indicated slightly acidic to neutral soils and suboxic to anoxic environments, respectively, representing favorable conditions for Hg retention. Clay content predominated in the soils of Transect 1 (T1), while the sand fraction predominated in Transect 2 (T2). SOM values ranged from 144 to 424 g kg-1, with higher levels in the T1 profiles. Average Hg levels ranged from 0.2 to 15.3 mg.kg-1 in T1 and from 0.0 to 7.4 mg.kg-1 in T2. The Hg contents in T1 were higher compared to T2, possibly due to the position of the transect in the landscape and the greater accumulation of clay and OM, corroborated by the positive and significant correlations between Hg and clay, and between Hg and OM. When comparing the Hg values found with international reference levels, maximum Hg values were found to be up to 102 times higher than the international reference value TEL (Threshold Effect Level) and 15 times the PEL (Probable Effects Level). About 82% of samples exceeded the PEL, indicating that toxic effects on biota are likely. The health risk for children was greater than that for adults because they are organisms more sensitive to the toxicity of the metal. The main route of exposure was inhalation of Hg vapor. Contamination of soils in the Botafogo River estuary reached mangrove forest areas, highlighting the widespread Hg contamination in the area. The areas most contaminated by the metal pose risks to the riverside community.
Uso de semente de Moringa oleífera no tratamento de água de ambiente estuarino
(2021-12-07) Sobral, Amanda Mirelly Santos; Shinohara, Neide Kazue Sakugawa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7105928729564845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6807220814014834
Moringa oleifera is a plant native to India, traditionally used to treat wastewater and drinking water, aiming to remove turbidity due to its ability to have cationic proteins in its seed, which are soluble in water and can adsorb suspended particles and the accompanying microbiota. The objective was to analyze the use of Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant and antimicrobial agent for use as primary water treatment for the Araçá lagoon, located in the city of Recife/PE, classified as an estuarine environment, in a densely populated region with intense discharge of domestic and industrial effluents. Physical-chemical tests were performed (pH, turbidity and color) and quantification of total and thermotolerant coliforms in the raw water and after treatment with Moringa. The pH decreased in all concentrations, unlike color, which increased in all tests. The longer the contact time of moringa with the raw water, the higher the turbidity. The concentration of microorganisms indicates that the raw water of Araçá lagoon is much higher than the maximum limit determined by the legislation. As for the combination of the use of Jar Test and the reduction in the concentration of moringa, it was observed that there was no change in the microbial load.
Variação espaço-temporal na estrutura de tamanho de jovens de agulhinha-branca, Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (RanzanI, 1841) em Itamaracá - PE
(2021-12-17) Barros, Ilana Amaral de; El-Deir, Ana Carla Asfora; Silva, Francisco Marcante Santana da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4286692304867555; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4822569793807941; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3609235735445666
Several species use estuarine environments for their protection, feeding, and reproduction. However, these areas are more susceptible to several human impacts. Hyporhamphus unifasciatus uses these environments, and due to the large fish landing in the last 20 years at Pernambuco state the species has potentially been impacted by human action. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the spatio-temporal variation of the size and weight structure of young H. unifasciatus individuals through the standard length (SL) and total weight (TW) variation between three periods and by diferentes sample location. Sampling was carried out in replicates at two points (estuary and surf zone) for 12 months between the periods 2001-2002 (year 1), 2018-2019 (year 2), and 2020-2021 (year 3). The specimens, the SL and TW measurements were taken, and the specimens are deposited in the UFRPE's Ichthyology Collection. From these measurements, the frequency, weight-length relationship, and condition factor for the species population were calculated. Altogether, 436 individuals of the species were obtained, being 147 in year 1, 134 in year 2, and 155 in year 3. From these data, I did observe differences between the SL and TW between the estuary and surf zone for two of the three periods. Through the weight-length relationship, positive allometry did also observed for the three periods analyzed and, finally, significant differences were found between the growth pattern between the periods. These results indicate that through the analyzed population parameters, apparently is not overfished, however, this definition depends on more research being carried out in the area to obtain the status of the fish stock of this species.