Navegando por Assunto "Poluição marinha por óleo"

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Hábito alimentar do siri Callinectes ornatus (Ordway, 1863) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) na Ilha de Itamaracá, Pernambuco, Brasil
(2024-03-08) Silva, Milene Ferreira da; Viana, Girlene Fábia Segundo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3338076933519392; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638616005945547
The swimming crab Callinectes ornatus (Ordway, 1863) is a crustacean belonging to the Portunidae family of great importance to the benthic community, given its important role in the trophic web of marine environments. The main objective of this study was to identify and provide information about the composition of the diet of C. ornatus Ordway, 1863 at Itamaracá Island, Pernambuco, Brazil in the period after the oil spill that occurred off the Brazilian coast in 2019, as well as to analyze the occurrence of possible changes in its feeding habits. The specimens analyzed came from accompanying fauna from fish collections carried out in August and September 2020. To obtain the material, a 20-meter long, 1.5-meter high trawl with a 5-millimeter mesh opening was used. Two different points were chosen, one in the surf zone at Jaguaribe beach (7°43'43"S 34°49'29"W) and the other at the mouth of the Jaguaribe River (7°43'19"S 34°49'32"W) on Itamaracá Island, Pernambuco, Brazil. After collection, the material was sent to the UFRPE/UAST Benthos Laboratory for analysis. After sorting, the material was identified, measured and sexed to extract the stomachs of the crabs and assess the degree of stomach filling. To analyze the contribution of each food item, the Point Method, the Frequency of Occurrence and the Food Index were applied. Twelve items were identified in the stomachs of the 104 crabs collected at the collection points. The results obtained indicate that Crustacea, Mollusca and Animal Organic Matter were the items that contributed most to the natural diet of the crabs collected in the surf zone of Jaguaribe Beach and Crustacea, Animal Organic Matter and Plant Organic Matter were the items that contributed most to the diet of the crabs collected at the mouth of the Jaguaribe River. As for the difference in the diet of males and females of the species, it was found that there were no major changes in the diet, with only small changes in the proportions of items. However, Crustacea continued to be the most representative item for both sexes. According to these results, the species' feeding habits are characterized as generalist and opportunistic, with a preference for organisms of animal origin. During the analysis of the material, the presence of oily substances was not identified, indicating the presence of oil in its structures or other internal organs, and the comparison with data from the literature shows that there was no change in the species' natural diet, even after the oil incident, with only the presence of plastic waste in some stomachs indicating exposure to anthropogenic activities along the coastal zone
Isolamento de bactérias hidrocarbonoclásticas de sedimento de manguezal contaminado com petróleo
(2022-05-25) Paula, Nazareth Zimiani de; Lima, Marcos Antônio Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3887006042216258; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9977163727403212
In August of 2019, there was a petrol leakage which hit the shore of 11 states of the northeast and southeast of Brazil. This leakage affected several coastal ecosystems mainly estuary and mangrove forests, besides exposing coastal species already under threat. Mangrove forests are ecosystems extremely sensitive to contamination by hydrocarbons. Therefore, this present proposal has aimed at isolating and featuring hydrocarbonclastic bacteria with degradation potential in sediment of mangrove, contaminated by petrol, in Cabo de Santo Agostinho. To do so, samples of superficial sediments of mangrove which were contaminated, those were collected and submitted to the tests of quantification of total heterotrophic bacteria, assertiveness of hydrocarbonclastic bacteria, selection of isolated decomposers of petrol and by-products. The physical- chemical pH parameters, temperature, salinity, and conductivity were also measured in the sediment. It was not observed significant variation in the physical-chemical parameters among the variables analysed. On the other hand, It was obtained a total of 30 bacterial isolates, 15 heterotrophic and 15 hydrocarbonclastic bacteria. Negative Gram bacilli were predominant among heterotrophic and hydrocarbonclastic bacteria. Two isolated ones, the group of heterotrophic bacteria stood out. (isolated 1 & 4) due to showing more relative frequency, making up of 64 % of total isolated together. With regards to the 15 isolate hydrocarbonclastic bacteria, 13 of those, were obtained in the diesel oil environment as source for carbon. Of 15 isolate hydrocarbonclastic bacteria assessed, 10 displayed potential for decomposition of diesel oil, gasoline and kerosene. The isolate 7 was prominent as it achieved the best decomposition results of the 3 fuels analysed.